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International Monetary Fund - перевод на голландский
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![On 28 June 2011, [[Christine Lagarde]] was named managing director of the IMF, replacing Dominique Strauss-Kahn.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Christine Lagarde - Université d'été du MEDEF 2009.jpg?width=200 "On 28 June 2011, [[Christine Lagarde]] was named managing director of the IMF, replacing Dominique Strauss-Kahn.")
![IMF "Headquarters 1" in Washington, D.C., designed by [[Moshe Safdie]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/IMF HQ.jpg?width=200 "IMF \"Headquarters 1\" in Washington, D.C., designed by [[Moshe Safdie]]")
![[[Anarchist]] protest against the IMF and corporate bailout](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/IMF demonstration (10).png?width=200 "[[Anarchist]] protest against the IMF and corporate bailout")
![IMF member states not accepting the obligations of Article VIII, Sections 2, 3, and 4<ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/aa/aa08.htm Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, Article VIII – General Obligations of Members]<br />Section 2: Avoidance of restrictions on current payments;<br /> Section 3: Avoidance of discriminatory currency practices;<br />Section 4: Convertibility of foreign-held balances.</ref>}}](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/International Monetary Fund (art.VIII).png?width=200 "IMF member states not accepting the obligations of Article VIII, Sections 2, 3, and 4<ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/aa/aa08.htm Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, Article VIII – General Obligations of Members]<br />Section 2: Avoidance of restrictions on current payments;<br /> Section 3: Avoidance of discriminatory currency practices;<br />Section 4: Convertibility of foreign-held balances.</ref>}}")
![The Gold Room within the [[Mount Washington Hotel]] where the [[Bretton Woods Conference]] attendees signed the agreements creating the IMF and [[World Bank]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The Gold Room Bretton Woods Reverse Angle.jpg?width=200 "The Gold Room within the [[Mount Washington Hotel]] where the [[Bretton Woods Conference]] attendees signed the agreements creating the IMF and [[World Bank]]")
![[[George Soros]], fund manager of [[Quantum Group of Funds]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/George Soros 47th Munich Security Conference 2011 crop.jpg?width=200 "[[George Soros]], fund manager of [[Quantum Group of Funds]]")
![borrows shares]] and immediately sells them. The short seller then expects the price to decrease, when the seller can profit by purchasing the shares to return to the lender.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Short (finance).png?width=200 "borrows shares]] and immediately sells them. The short seller then expects the price to decrease, when the seller can profit by purchasing the shares to return to the lender.")
![[[Tom Steyer]], hedge-fund manager of [[NextGen America]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tom Steyer by Gage Skidmore.jpg?width=200 "[[Tom Steyer]], hedge-fund manager of [[NextGen America]]")
![[[Ray Dalio]], fund manager of [[Bridgewater Associates]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Web Summit 2018 - Forum - Day 2, November 7 HM1 7481 (44858045925).jpg?width=200 "[[Ray Dalio]], fund manager of [[Bridgewater Associates]]")
Определение
Википедия
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The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world." Formed in 1944, started on 27 December 1945, at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes, it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international monetary system. It now plays a central role in the management of balance of payments difficulties and international financial crises. Countries contribute funds to a pool through a quota system from which countries experiencing balance of payments problems can borrow money. As of 2016, the fund had XDR 477 billion (about US$667 billion). The IMF is regarded as the global lender of last resort.
Through the fund and other activities such as the gathering of statistics and analysis, surveillance of its members' economies, and the demand for particular policies, the IMF works to influence the economies of its member countries. The organization's objectives stated in the Articles of Agreement are: to promote international monetary co-operation, international trade, high employment, exchange-rate stability, sustainable economic growth, and make resources available to member countries in financial difficulty. IMF funds come from two major sources: quotas and loans. Quotas, which are pooled funds of member nations, generate most IMF funds. The size of a member's quota depends on its economic and financial importance in the world. Nations with greater economic significance have larger quotas. The quotas are increased periodically as a means of boosting the IMF's resources in the form of special drawing rights.
The current managing director (MD) and Chairwoman of the IMF is Bulgarian economist Kristalina Georgieva, who has held the post since October 1, 2019. Indian-American economist Gita Gopinath, who previously served as Chief Economist, was appointed as First Deputy Managing Director, effective January 21, 2022. Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas replaced Gopinath as Chief Economist on January 24, 2022.
